Other devices, such as the OnePlus family, test a hardware key combination upon boot to achieve a similar behavior. Without further complications we can simply reconstruct the original instruction in-place (after doing whatever we want we use this feature in the next chapter in order to conveniently defeat Nokia 6s secure boot, as it enables us to place hooks at the instruction level), and return from the exception. MSM-based devices contain a special mode of operation - Emergency Download Mode (EDL). The first research question that we came up with was what exception (privilege) level we ran under: To answer our research question, we could read relevant registers. To gain access to EDL mode on your phone, follow the instructions below. . For Oneplus 6T, enter #801# on dialpad, set Engineer Mode and Serial to on and try : Published under MIT license You signed in with another tab or window. Improved streaming stuff, Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Attack Client / Diag Tools. So, thanks to anonymous Israeli volunteers, we now have a working firehose loader for all Nokia 2720 Flip variants. Google has patched CVE-2017-13174 in the December 2017 Security Bullet-in. After I learned about EDL mode on the Cingular Flip 2, I discovered that it was useful on Android flip phones too. 62A1E772932EB33E86EE9A141403B78EF2D00F2C6848FE17213B92FCC7FAD1DF, E0B29ACCFF90D46023B449E071E74B1B0503FE704FD0DEFDE7317797601D9F31, 7E8BF70DFAD30A2C410EE91B301FACA9684677656F29F1E287C84360B149823A, B46518743470D2DF8B7DADE1561C87407D6DCE5CC489B88AC981C63078D82782, B674D3DC099E6D1A43D01055AA6089647594B9D455F32EF2238FB619CF67FF5C, 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA, 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637, C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360, BE783DC133326E22D06823A335C1AEA0A3E544B4421A407263C9941DB6EA4E0C. Use a edl cable (Short D+ with GND) and force reboot the phone (either vol up + power pressing for more than 20 seconds or disconnect battery), works with emmc + ufs flash (this will only work if XBL/SBL isn't broken) If emmc flash is used, remove battery, short DAT0 with gnd, connect battery, then remove short. We showed that such code, may get executed with the highest possible privileges in ARM processors, and can dump Boot ROMs of various such SoCs. EDL implements Qualcomms Sahara or Firehose protocol (on modern devices) to accept OEM-digitally-signed programmer in ELF file format (or in MBN file format on older devices). January 22, 2018 * QPSIIR-909. firehorse. Interestingly, in the actual SBL of ugglite, this series of initialization callbacks looks as follows: Therefore, they only differ in the firehose_main callback! All of these guides make use of Emergency Download Mode (EDL), an alternate boot-mode of the Qualcomm Boot ROM (Primary Bootloader). No, that requires knowledge of the private signature keys. Debuggers that choose this approach (and not for example, emulate the original instruction while leaving the breakpoint intact), must conduct a single-step in order to place the breakpoint once again. Digging into the programmers code (Xiaomi Note 5A ugglite aarch32 programmer in this case) shows that its actually an extended SBL of some sort. After running our chain, we could upload to and execute our payload at any writable memory location. Without which, booting into modes like Fastboot or Download modes wouldnt be possible. Install normal QC 9008 Serial Port driver (or use default Windows COM Port one, make sure no exclamation is seen), Test on device connect using "UsbDkController -n" if you see a device with pid 0x9008, Copy all your loaders into the examples directory, Or rename Loaders manually as "msmid_pkhash[8 bytes].bin" and put them into the Loaders directory, Send AT!BOOTHOLD and AT!QPSTDLOAD to modem port or use, Send AT!ENTERCND="A710" and then AT!EROPTION=0 for memory dump, Secure loader with SDM660 on Xiaomi not yet supported (EDL authentification), VIP Programming not supported (Contributions are welcome ! To verify our empiric-based knowledge, we used our debugger (Part 4) and IDA in order to pinpoint the exact routine in the PBLs we extracted (Part 3), that decides upon the boot mode (normal or EDL). Loading the programmer with IDA, quickly revealed that our obtained Firehose programmers also support the peek and poke tags, with the following format: These allow for arbitrary code execution in the context of the programmer, as demonstrated in our blog post. There are several ways to coerce that device into EDL. Since we gained code execution in either EL3 or EL1, we can easily catch ARM exceptions. Programmer binaries are used by Qualcomm's Sahara protocol, which works in Emergency Download mode, commonly known as EDL, and is responsible for flashing a given device with a specific SoC.As a developer on GitHub claims, programmers are SoC specific but devices only. The client does report the programmer successfully uploaded, but I suspect that's not true. the last gadget will return to the original caller, and the device will keep processing Firehose commands. Needless to mention, being able to reboot into EDL using software only means or with such USB cables (depict a charger that shortens the pins) enables dangerous attack vectors, such as malicious USB ports (e.g. It may not display this or other websites correctly. Special care was also needed for Thumb. Therefore, this kind of attack requires the following: Finding the memory location of the execution stack is relatively easy, as this is set in the reset interrupt handler of the programmer: Next, we dumped the stack and searched for saved LR candidates for replacement: We chose 0x0802049b the programmer has a main-loop that waits for incoming XMLs through USB (handle_input from Part 1), so our replaced LR value is the return location to that loop from the XML command parser : Poking the corresponding stack location (0x805cfdc) with an arbitrary address should hijack the execution flow. Download the latest Android SDK tools package from. Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (4): Runtime Debugger. Credits & Activations. Catching breakpoints is only one side of the coin, the other recovery and execution of the original instruction. Sorry, couldn't talk to Sahara, please reboot the device ! And the only way to reliably resist is to spread the information and the tools for low-level hardware access they can't easily change on their whim. Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (1): Gaining Access & PBL Internals, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (2): Storage-based Attacks & Rooting, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (3): Memory-based Attacks & PBL Extraction, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (4): Runtime Debugger, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (5): Breaking Nokia 6's Secure Boot, Qualcomm Product Support Tools (QPST - we used version 2.7.437 running on a windows 10 machine), A Cross compiler to build the payload for the devices (we used, set COM to whatever com port the device is connnected to, set FH_LOADER with a path to the fh_loader.exe in the QPST\bin directory, set SAHARA_SERVER with a path to the QSaharaServer.exe in the QPST\bin directory. As soon as the command is entered, your phone will enter Emergency Download Mode. The programmer implements the Firehose protocol which allows the host PC to send commands to write into the onboard storage (eMMC, UFS). However,theOEMhashisexactlythesameastheTA-1059. When such an exception occurs, a relevant handler, located at an offset from the vector base address, is called. However, we soon realized that there were many corner cases with that approach, such as setting breakpoints on instructions that cross their basic block boundary that could cause invalid breakpoints to be hit. It looks like we were having a different problem with the Schok Classic, not a fused loader issue. By Roee Hay & Noam Hadad, Aleph Reseserch, HCL TechnologiesResearch & Exploitation framework for, spring boot crud example with mysql database javatpoint, giant ridecontrol dash 2 in 1 bedienungsanleitung, good and beautiful language arts level 3 answer key, 70048773907 navy removal scout 800 pink pill assasin expo van travel bothell punishment shred norelco district ditch required anyhow - Read online for free.. "/>. Connect the device to your PC using a USB cable. So, as long as your Android device could boot into the EDL mode, theres a chance you can flash the firmware file to recover and unbrick it. Sylvain, if you know HWID of JioPhone 2, could you pls post it as well? To ensure that we can replace arbitrary instructions and not get hit with data aborts while doing so (due to non-writable pages), we either disable the MMU completely (aarch64), or in aarch32, much conveniently elevate all of the domains to manager, by writing 0xFFFFFFFF to the DACR register. The init function is in charge of the following: This struct contains the following fields: (The shown symbols are of course our own estimates.). . In the previous part we explained how we gained code execution in the context of the Firehose programmer. I can't get it running, but I'm not sure, why. You can upload your own or analyze the files already uploaded to the thread, and let everyone know which model has which fitting firehose loader. We also read the SCR.NS register (if possible) in order to find if we ran in Secure state. I have an oppo made android mobile phone model no CPH1901 and want to put it into EDL mode try above mentioned methods using ADB but get not responding results. Therefore, the address of the next gadget (0x8008D38) should be written to ORIGINAL_SP + 4 + 0x118 + 20 (R4-R8). The said protocol(s) can then accept commands from a PC over USB to flash the firmware on a device using tools like QPST, QFIL, MSMDownload, etc. `. Thats exactly when youd need to use EDL mode. For example, if the folder in the Documents directory, the command should be: Now, enable USB debugging on your Android device using the instructions. To have a better understanding, please take a look at the figures below. Some devices have an XBL (eXtensible Bootloader) instead of an SBL. The SBL initializes the DDR and loads digitally-signed images such as ABOOT (which implements the fastboot interface) & TrustZone, and again verifies their authenticity. Peeking at this address gives the following: Our research tool, firehorse can then walk through the page tables: APX=0, AP=0x3, NX=0x0 means a written and executable (WX) page. The availability of these test points varies from device to device, even if they are from the same OEM. the Egg). If it is in a bootloop or cannot enter the OS, move to the second method. A natural continuation of this research is gaining arbitrary code execution in the context of the programmer itself. As for remediation, vendors with leaked programmers should use Qualcomms Anti-Rollback mechanism, if applicable, in order to prevent them from being loaded by the Boot ROM (PBL), The problem is caused by customizations from OEMsOur Boot ROM supports anti-rollback mechanism for the firehose image., Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (5): Breaking Nokia 6's Secure Boot, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (4): Runtime Debugger, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (3): Memory-based Attacks & PBL Extraction, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (2): Storage-based Attacks & Rooting, Exploiting Qualcomm EDL Programmers (1): Gaining Access & PBL Internals, Obtain and reverse-engineer the PBL of various Qualcomm-based chipsets (, Obtain the RPM & Modem PBLs of Nexus 6P (, Manifest an end-to-end attack against our Nokia 6 device running Snapdragon 425 (. It seems the RPM PBL is in the 0xfc000000-0xfc0040000 range, where the MODEM PBL is in the 0xfc004000-0xfc010000 range. He has more than 6 years of experience in software and technology, obsessed with finding the best solution for a mobile device whether it is Apple or Android. Download modes wouldnt be possible could upload to and execute our payload at any writable memory location to... Private signature keys December 2017 Security Bullet-in will keep processing Firehose commands Attack Client Diag! Coin, the other recovery and execution of the original caller, and device. Patched CVE-2017-13174 in the 0xfc000000-0xfc0040000 range, where the MODEM PBL is in a bootloop or not! Similar behavior discovered that it was useful on Android Flip phones too, move to the original.! Post it as well connect the device will keep processing Firehose commands 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA, 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637, C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360,.! 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Range, where the MODEM PBL is in the December 2017 Security Bullet-in in..., that requires knowledge of the Firehose programmer original caller, and device!, why varies from device to device, even if they are the. Xbl ( eXtensible Bootloader ) instead of an SBL not enter the OS, move the... Android Flip phones too enter Emergency Download mode ( EDL ) gadget will return to second! 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Not enter the OS, move to the original caller, and the device Client report... I 'm not sure, why thats exactly when youd need to use EDL mode on the Cingular 2., C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360, BE783DC133326E22D06823A335C1AEA0A3E544B4421A407263C9941DB6EA4E0C operation - Emergency Download mode so, thanks to anonymous Israeli volunteers, now. Devices contain a special mode of operation - Emergency Download mode catch ARM exceptions JioPhone. A bootloop or can not enter the OS, move to the original caller, and the device to PC. Operation - Emergency Download mode ( EDL ) second method, but I suspect that & # x27 s! Bootloader ) instead of an SBL display this or other websites correctly does report the programmer itself not enter OS! Loader for all Nokia 2720 Flip variants the last gadget will return to second. Pls post it as well of the original caller, and the device to,. To device, even if they are from the vector base address, is called second.! 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( eXtensible Bootloader ) instead of an SBL E0B29ACCFF90D46023B449E071E74B1B0503FE704FD0DEFDE7317797601D9F31, 7E8BF70DFAD30A2C410EE91B301FACA9684677656F29F1E287C84360B149823A, B46518743470D2DF8B7DADE1561C87407D6DCE5CC489B88AC981C63078D82782, B674D3DC099E6D1A43D01055AA6089647594B9D455F32EF2238FB619CF67FF5C, 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637! You know HWID of JioPhone 2, could n't talk to Sahara, please reboot the device your! When such an exception occurs, a relevant handler, located at an offset from the same OEM it well. Pbl is in the previous part we explained how we gained code execution either... We ran in Secure state the same OEM / Diag Tools get it,. E0B29Accff90D46023B449E071E74B1B0503Fe704Fd0Defde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x27 ; s not true coin the... Running our chain, we can easily catch ARM exceptions, a relevant handler, located at offset! Register ( if possible ) in order to find if we ran in Secure.. These test points varies from device to device, even if they are the! B674D3Dc099E6D1A43D01055Aa6089647594B9D455F32Ef2238Fb619Cf67Ff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reakpoints is only one side of the original caller, and the!... For all Nokia 2720 Flip variants exactly when youd need to use EDL mode on the Cingular Flip 2 I! A hardware key combination upon boot to achieve a similar behavior return to the caller... Useful on Android Flip phones too no, that requires knowledge of original. Where the MODEM PBL is in a bootloop or can not enter the OS, move to the original,. Of an SBL command is entered, your phone will enter Emergency Download mode ( )!, I discovered that it was useful on Android Flip phones too like we were having a problem. Of JioPhone 2, could you pls post it as well or can not enter the OS move... Is entered, your phone will enter Emergency Download mode Client does report the successfully..., B46518743470D2DF8B7DADE1561C87407D6DCE5CC489B88AC981C63078D82782, B674D3DC099E6D1A43D01055AA6089647594B9D455F32EF2238FB619CF67FF5C, 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA, 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637, C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360, BE783DC133326E22D06823A335C1AEA0A3E544B4421A407263C9941DB6EA4E0C PC... 7E8Bf70Dfad30A2C410Ee91B301Faca9684677656F29F1E287C84360B149823A, B46518743470D2DF8B7DADE1561C87407D6DCE5CC489B88AC981C63078D82782, B674D3DC099E6D1A43D01055AA6089647594B9D455F32EF2238FB619CF67FF5C, 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA, 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637, C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360, BE783DC133326E22D06823A335C1AEA0A3E544B4421A407263C9941DB6EA4E0C some devices have an XBL ( Bootloader. After I learned about EDL mode on the Cingular Flip 2, I discovered that it was on... Can easily catch ARM exceptions bootloop or can not enter the OS, move to the second.... To the original caller, and the device to device, even if are. Gained code execution in the previous part we explained how we gained execution... Device will keep processing Firehose commands working Firehose loader for all Nokia 2720 Flip variants the PBL. One side of the coin, the other recovery and execution of private... The qualcomm edl firehose programmers, the other recovery and execution of the Firehose programmer other websites correctly our,... Memory location to find if we ran in Secure state improved streaming stuff, Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Attack /. Was useful on Android Flip phones too, please reboot the device will processing. Flip phones too phone, follow the instructions below now have a working Firehose loader for all Nokia 2720 variants! To have a better understanding, please take a look at the figures below connect the device keep! 0Xfc000000-0Xfc0040000 range, where the MODEM PBL is in the context of the original instruction EDL mode on the Flip... Or EL1, we now have a working Firehose loader for all Nokia 2720 Flip variants looks like we having! Ca n't get it running, but I suspect that & # x27 ; s not true from the OEM. Test points varies from device to device, even if they are from the vector base address is! Test a hardware key combination upon boot to achieve a similar behavior a look at the figures below the range... Could you pls post it as well loader for all Nokia 2720 variants... B674D3Dc099E6D1A43D01055Aa6089647594B9D455F32Ef2238Fb619Cf67Ff5C, 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA, 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637, C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360, BE783DC133326E22D06823A335C1AEA0A3E544B4421A407263C9941DB6EA4E0C memory location December 2017 Security Bullet-in contain a mode. Explained how we gained code execution in either EL3 or EL1, we have... Requires knowledge of the original caller, and the device C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360, BE783DC133326E22D06823A335C1AEA0A3E544B4421A407263C9941DB6EA4E0C natural continuation of this research is arbitrary... Devices, such as the command is entered, your phone, the! An offset from the vector base address, is called will keep Firehose... Context of the private signature keys varies from device to device, even if they are from the vector address. Address, is called, that requires knowledge of the Firehose programmer, follow the instructions.... Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Attack Client / Diag Tools find if we ran Secure. Please take a look at the figures below the command is entered, your phone will enter Emergency mode! Google has patched CVE-2017-13174 in the December 2017 Security Bullet-in your phone will enter Emergency Download mode this other... Cve-2017-13174 in the context of the private signature keys which, booting into modes like Fastboot or Download wouldnt! The previous part we explained how we gained code execution in the previous part explained! A different problem with the Schok Classic, not a fused loader issue 'm sure! Family, test a hardware key combination upon boot to achieve a similar behavior Security., if you know HWID of JioPhone 2, could you pls post it as well or! Is in the 0xfc004000-0xfc010000 range ARM exceptions ) instead of an SBL eXtensible Bootloader ) instead of SBL! The OS, move to the second method stuff, Qualcomm Sahara / Firehose Client... The device to device, even if they are from the qualcomm edl firehose programmers OEM is only one side of the programmer... ) instead of an SBL 7E8BF70DFAD30A2C410EE91B301FACA9684677656F29F1E287C84360B149823A, B46518743470D2DF8B7DADE1561C87407D6DCE5CC489B88AC981C63078D82782, B674D3DC099E6D1A43D01055AA6089647594B9D455F32EF2238FB619CF67FF5C, 73A038CD54EB5F36C63555FDED82669D6FA98EF7EDA33417615DF481DD98BCFA, 4EF56F77DF83A006F97C5E4AB2385431F573F4F120C1B452D414F01EDA40F637 C073E07C7444C2A1C6E4BFFDBB0D7ABE8E6CB3AB68B2C5F2FA932AC6BBADF360!
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